Hans Reichenbach
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Hans Reichenbach | |
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| Born | 26 September 1891 |
| Died | 9 April 1953 |
| Nationality | German-born; later American |
| Occupation | Philosopher of science |
| Known for | Philosophy of science; probability; logical empiricism |
| Notable work | The Philosophy of Space and Time; The Theory of Probability |
Hans Reichenbach (26 September 1891 – 9 April 1953) was a philosopher of science whose work addressed scientific explanation, probability, and the interpretation of modern physics. He examined how scientific concepts are justified and how probabilistic reasoning functions within empirical inquiry.
His work emphasized formal analysis combined with attention to scientific practice.
Early life and education
Reichenbach was born in Hamburg, Germany. He studied physics, mathematics, and philosophy at several German universities, including Berlin and Göttingen.
His early intellectual development was influenced by advances in relativity theory and the philosophy of science.
Philosophy of science
Reichenbach examined the logical structure of scientific theories and the role of conventions in scientific explanation. He argued that certain foundational principles function as coordinating definitions rather than empirical hypotheses.
These ideas were developed in The Philosophy of Space and Time (1928).
Probability
Reichenbach addressed the interpretation of probability, defending a frequentist account tied to long-run frequencies. He examined how probabilistic statements can be confirmed and used in scientific reasoning.
His work sought to clarify the epistemic role of probability in science.
Relation to logical empiricism
Reichenbach is associated with logical empiricism but differed from some contemporaries in his emphasis on probability and realism about scientific theories. He participated in debates concerning verification, meaning, and theory choice.
His positions evolved over time.
Emigration and later work
After the rise of National Socialism, Reichenbach emigrated to the United States. He held academic positions at several universities, including the University of California, Los Angeles.
He continued to publish and teach in philosophy of science.
Limits and uncertainty
Reichenbach’s frequentist account of probability has been criticized for its applicability to single-case reasoning. Critics question whether his conventions adequately ground scientific objectivity.
Interpretations of his work vary across contexts.
Status
Hans Reichenbach is regarded as a significant figure in twentieth-century philosophy of science. His work continues to be discussed in debates on probability, explanation, and scientific methodology.